CVE-2019-16905

A Denial of service flaw was found in the way OpenSSH parsed certain specially crafted XMSS (eXtended Merkle Signature Scheme) private keys. Any OpenSSH functionality which parses private keys is vulnerable, for example:

1. If ‘sshd’ daemon is configured to use an XMSS host key that is malformed, it will crash upon any attempt to connect to this server.
2. If 'authorized_keys' is configured to use an XMSS public key, and the private key is used to connect to the server, the ssh client used for the connection will crash.
3. Adding a crafted XMSS key to ssh-agent, will cause the ssh-agent to crash.
4. Hosting services which allow users to upload keys may be affected. Malicious keys will cause the flaw to be triggered when the key is parsed. (Note: upload alone is not enough, the key needs to be parsed to cause the crash)

The versions of OpenSSH package shipped with Red Hat products, do not enable support for XMSS and therefore are not affected by this flaw.

The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product's status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.

This flaw is triggered when parsing XMSS private keys. XMSS is a PQC (Post-quantum cryptography) algorithm and its use is currently experimental. Other key types or any other OpenSSH functionality are not affected by this flaw. A possible mitigation for this flaw is to NOT use XMSS keys for SSH.