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CVE-2025-14946

libnbd: libnbd: Arbitrary code execution via SSH argument injection through a malicious URI

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Severity

Moderate

Red Hat Product Security

4.8

CVSS 3.1

Review impact separately from score.

Published · December 16, 2025

Updated · July 9, 2026

Description

A flaw was found in libnbd. A malicious actor could exploit this by convincing libnbd to open a specially crafted Uniform Resource Identifier (URI). This vulnerability arises because non-standard hostnames starting with '-o' are incorrectly interpreted as arguments to the Secure Shell (SSH) process, rather than as hostnames. This could lead to arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the user running libnbd.

Statement

This vulnerability is rated Moderate for Red Hat because it requires a malicious actor to convince libnbd to open a specially crafted URI. This leads to arbitrary code execution due to improper handling of non-standard hostnames starting with '-o' as SSH arguments, executing code with the privileges of the user running libnbd.

CVSS score applicability

The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product's status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.

Mitigation

To mitigate this issue, ensure that applications utilizing libnbd do not process Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) from untrusted or unverified sources. This vulnerability requires a malicious actor to convince libnbd to open a specially crafted URI, therefore restricting the sources of URIs processed by libnbd can reduce exposure.

CVSS / CWE

CVSS 3.1 · 4.8
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CWE-88 · Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')