CVE-2025-24495

A flaw was found in the Branch Prediction Unit (BPU) of Intel's Lion Core CPUs that make it possible for an attacker to bypass Indirect Branch Predictor Barrier (IBPB) protections. By employing branch predictor training techniques as described in the "Training Solo" publication, an attacker with local privileges could use this bypass to exfiltrate sensitive data from an affected system, including from host hypervisors or neighboring guests in virtualized environments.

This vulnerability was disclosed as part of the "Training Solo" report. Training Solo is a technique similar to Spectre-v2 which bypasses extant protections like IBPB or IBRS. While the technique primarily bypasses those protections by performing branch predictor training in a privileged domain, CVE-2025-24495 specifically relates to a hardware flaw in Intel's Lion Core CPUs. Intel has released a microcode update to address this flaw.

The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product's status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.

Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability. As this is a bypass of previous mitigations for existing hardware flaws, we do not expect that mitigations specifically for this issue will be available.