CVE-2025-61748

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Libraries). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 21.0.8 and 25; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 21.0.8; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.15. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A moderate security impact flaw was found in the OpenJDK String handling code, affecting the java-21-openjdk and java-25-openjdk packages in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8, 9, and 10 and the java-21-openjdk-portable and java-21-openjdk-windows builds of the Red Hat Build of OpenJDK 21. After the JDK-8282429 change in JDK 19, certain Strings built using StringBuilder return an incorrect result for String.equals() checks. This is a difficult-to-exploit flaw that can be triggered by an unauthenticated attacker with network access who supplies data to APIs in the affected component, for example through a web service that passes data to those APIs, or in Java deployments, typically clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code and rely on the Java sandbox for security. Successful attacks can result in unauthorized update, insert, or delete access to some of the data accessible to the affected Java runtime; confidentiality and availability are not impacted. Both Red Hat and the upstream record assign this flaw a CVSS 3.1 base score of 3.7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N). A fix is being pursued for the affected products. Red Hat builds of Java 1.6.0, 1.7.0, 1.8.0, 11, and 17, the IBM Semeru Certified 21 builds, and java-21-openjdk update streams that already contain the corrected code are not affected because the vulnerable code is not present in those versions.

The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product's status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.

Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.